Practical Exercises in Elementary Meteorology

C. Instructions in the Use of Instruments

Instructions for Voluntary Observers. 1899. 8vo, pp. 23. Brief instructions for taking and recording observations of temperature and precipitation with ordinary and maximum and minimum thermometers and with the rain gauge.

Barometers and the Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure. C. F. Marvin. 1894. 8vo, pp. 74. A pamphlet of information respecting the theory and construction of barometers in general, with summary of instructions for the care and use of the standard Weather Bureau instruments.

Instructions for Obtaining and Tabulating Records from Recording Instruments. 1898. 8vo, pp. 31. Contains directions concerning the care and use of the Richard thermograph and barograph.

Note.—These pamphlets are prepared under the direction of Professor Willis L. Moore, Chief of the United States Weather Bureau, and are published, under authority of the Secretary of Agriculture, by the Weather Bureau. They will be found the best guides in making observations, the care of instruments, etc.

D. Journals, etc

Monthly Weather Review. Prepared under the direction of Willis L. Moore, Chief of Weather Bureau, Professor Cleveland Abbe, Editor. United States Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. 10 cents a copy.

An invaluable publication for teachers and students alike. Contains complete meteorological summaries for each month; accounts of all notable storms, cold and hot waves, etc.; and a large number of articles on a wide range of meteorological subjects. The charts show the tracks of areas of high and low pressure which crossed the United States during the month, the total precipitation, sea-level pressure, temperature and surface winds, percentage of sunshine, etc., for the month. Other charts are also frequently added.

The Journal of School Geography. Professor Richard E. Dodge, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City, Editor. Publication Office, 41 No. Queen Street, Lancaster, Pa. Ten numbers a year. $1.00 per annum.

A monthly journal devoted to the interests of the common school teacher of geography. Contains numerous articles and notes on meteorological and climatological subjects.

Science. Edited by Professor J. McK. Cattell, Columbia University, New York City, New York, The Macmillan Company. Weekly. $5.00 per annum.

Devoted to the advancement of all sciences. Contains brief Current Notes on Meteorology, which summarize the more important meteorological publications.

Monthly Bulletins of the Climate and Crop Service of the Weather Bureau.

These Bulletins are issued every month at the central office of the Weather Bureau in each State, under the direction of the Section Director of the Climate and Crop Service in that State. They contain meteorological data for the month, and frequently notes of interest. The annual summaries are especially valuable.

E. Charts

Daily Weather Maps. These are published at the central office of the Weather Bureau in Washington, and at eighty-four other stations of the Bureau throughout the United States. It is best to have the daily maps sent from the nearest map-publishing station, and not from Washington, as the delay in the latter case is often so great that much of the immediate value of the maps is lost.

Climate and Crop Bulletin of the United States Weather Bureau. Washington, D. C. Monthly.

Chart showing, by means of small maps, the actual precipitation, departures from normal precipitation, departures from normal temperature, and maximum and minimum temperatures. Also a printed summary of the weather and of the crop conditions in the different sections of the United States. Issued on the first of each month.

Snow and Ice Chart of the United States Weather Bureau. Washington, D. C. Weekly during the winter season.

Based on data from regular Weather Bureau stations, supplemented by reports from selected voluntary observers. Shows, by shading, the area covered with snow at 8 P.M. each Tuesday during the winter, and by lines, the depth of snow in inches. Explanatory tables and text accompany the chart.

Storm Bulletin of the United States Weather Bureau. Washington, D. C. Issued at irregular intervals.

Charts, with text, illustrating the history of individual notable storms.

Pilot Chart of the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. Hydrographic Office, Bureau of Equipment, Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C. Monthly. Price 10 cents a copy.

Shows calms and prevailing winds, ocean currents, regions of fog and equatorial rains, the positions of icebergs and wrecks, steamship and sailing routes, storm tracks, magnetic variation, etc. Also gives isobars and isotherms and a forecast for the month succeeding the date of publication, and a review of the weather over the oceans for the preceding month. Supplementary charts are occasionally issued.

Rainfall and Snow of the United States as compiled to the End of 1891, with Annual, Seasonal, Monthly, and other Charts. Mark W. Harrington. United States Department of Agriculture. Weather Bureau, Bulletin C, Washington, D. C. 1894. Atlas, 18 × 24 inches. Charts 23. Text, 4-80 pp.

Contains twenty-three charts as follows: Monthly rainfall, seasonal rainfall, annual rainfall, monthly snowfall, monthly maxima of rainfall, rainy seasons, details of rainfall, details of occurrence of thunderstorms. Well adapted to serve as illustrations for use in the class-room. The text is explanatory, and is published separately in quarto form.

Rainfall of the United States, with Annual, Seasonal, and other Charts. Alfred J. Henry. United States Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Bulletin D, Washington, D. C. 1897. 9¹⁄₄ × 11¹⁄₂ inches. Pp. 58. Charts 10. Plates III.

A more recent publication than the preceding one, the averages having been compiled to the end of 1896. The charts are smaller than most of those in Bulletin C, and therefore not so well adapted for class-room illustration. The chart of mean annual precipitation is the latest and best published. The rainfall of the crop-growing season receives separate treatment, and is illustrated by means of two charts. The discussion in the text is excellent.

F. Meteorological Tables

Smithsonian Meteorological Tables. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 844. Washington, D. C. 1893. 8vo. Pp. 262.

A very complete set of tables.

Handbook of Meteorological Tables. H. A. Hazen (of the United States Weather Bureau). Washington, D. C. 1888. 8vo. Pp. 127. $1.50.

Contains forty-seven tables, comprising all that are needed by the working meteorologist. Includes tables for Fahrenheit and Centigrade conversions, for barometric hypsometry and reduction to sea level, for the psychrometer, etc.

Tables for Obtaining the Temperature of the Dew-Point, Relative Humidity, etc. United States Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. 1897. 8vo. Pp. 29.

These are the tables now in use by the Weather Bureau.

G. Illustrations

Classification of Clouds for the Weather Observers of the Hydrographic Office. Hydrographic Office, Bureau of Navigation, Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C. 1897. Sheet of twelve colored views. Price 40 cents. In book form, with descriptive text, $1.00.

An excellent set of cloud views, classified according to the International Nomenclature. The text describes the various cloud forms and shows their value as weather prognostics. An attractive addition to the furnishings of a schoolroom.

Selected List of Cloud Photographs and Lantern Slides.

Consists of twenty-eight photographs, and the same number of lantern slides, of the typical cloud forms, selected by the present writer from the collection in the Physical Geography Laboratory of Harvard University. The photographs (20 cents each, mounted) and slides (40 cents each) may be purchased of E. E. Howell, 612 17th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. A description of these views was published in the American Meteorological Journal for July, 1894 (Boston, Mass., Ginn & Company).

Photographs. Photographs of miscellaneous meteorological phenomena, such as snow and ice storms, damage by storm-waves or high winds, wind-blown trees, lightning, etc., may often be purchased of local dealers. They add to the attractiveness of a schoolroom and furnish excellent illustrations in teaching.

H. General

The following Bulletins of the Weather Bureau may be found useful as reference books:

No. 1. Notes on the Climate and Meteorology of Death Valley, California. Mark W. Harrington. 8vo. 1892. Pp. 50.

No. 8. Report on the Climatology of the Cotton Plant. P. H. Mell. 8vo. 1893. Pp. 68.

No. 10. The Climate of Chicago. H. A. Hazen. 8vo. 1893. Pp. 137.

No. 11. Report of the International Meteorological Congress held at Chicago, III., Aug. 21-24, 1893. 8vo. Pt. I, 1894, pp. 206. Pt. II, 1895, pp. 583. Pt. III, 1896, pp. 772. Pt. IV, not yet issued.

No. 15. Protection from Lightning. Alexander McAdie. 8vo. 1895. Pp. 26.

No. 17. The Work of the Weather Bureau in Connection with the Rivers of the United States. Willis L. Moore. 8vo. 1896. Pp. 106.

No. 19. Report on the Relative Humidity of Southern New England and Other Localities. A. J. Henry. 8vo. 1896. Pp. 23.

No. 20. Storms, Storm Tracks and Weather Forecasting. Frank H. Bigelow. 8vo. 1897. Pp. 87.

No. 21. Climate, of Cuba. Also, A Note on the Weather of Manila. W. F. R. Phillips. 8vo. 1898. Pp. 23.

No. 23. Frost: When to expect it and how to lessen the Injury therefrom. W. H. Hammon. 8vo. 1899. Pp. 37.

No. 25. Weather Forecasting: Some Facts Historical, Practical, and Theoretical. Willis L. Moore. 8vo. 1899. Pp. 16.

No. 26. Lightning and the Electricity of the Air. In two parts. A. G. McAdie and A. J. Henry. 8vo. 1899. Pp. 74.

The following miscellaneous publications of the Weather Bureau may also prove of value.

Injury from Frost and Methods of Protection. W. H. Hammon. 8vo. 1896. Pp. 12.

Some Climatic Features of the Arid Regions. Willis L. Moore. 8vo. 1896. Pp. 19.

Investigation of the Cyclonic Circulation and the Translatory Movement of the West Indian Hurricanes. The late Rev. Benito Viñes, S. J. 8vo. 1898. Pp. 34.

Requests for weather maps, Bulletins, and other publications of the Weather Bureau should be sent to the Chief of the Weather Bureau, Washington, D. C. All requests are dealt with on their merits, and in cases where it is deemed that effective use will be made of the publications they are usually sent free of charge.