Pascendi

'Pascendi Dominici gregis', which is translated in English to 'Feeding the Lord's Flock' is a papal encyclical letter promulgated by Pope Pius X. Pius X viewed the church as under siege, intellectually from rationalism and materialism, politically from liberalism and anti-clericalism. The pope condemned modernism, a loose movement of Catholic biblical scholars, philosophers and theologians who believed that the church could not ignore new scientific historical research concerning the Bible.